Genital papillomatosis increases the risk of infection for both partners and complicates intimate life, and is often transmitted from woman to child during childbirth.
Reasons
The main cause of growths is HPV, which enters the body in different ways. It enters the cells of the squamous epithelium and remains in them for a long time without showing itself. The patient may be unaware of such an infection until the initial conditions for the proliferation and appearance of neoplasms have been established. With a decrease in immunity, growths are often seen in the body.
Experts identify factors that increase the risk of growth:
- frequent stress;
- nervous, physical overwork;
- avitaminosis;
- reduction of immunity;
- the patient's age;
- excessive sexual partner;
- smoking, alcohol abuse;
- long-term use of oral contraceptives.
The causes of papillomas can be hidden in endocrine disorders, pathologies of the digestive system and overweight. The incubation period lasts about a year, and if the immune system is working well, the infection may not show itself. HPV often comes in contact with infected objects in daily life, using ordinary detergents, razors and towels. The infection can be passed from a woman to a child during sexual intercourse or childbirth.
Views
Dermatologists distinguish several types of papillomas:
- Simple. The neoplasm resembles a cauliflower or a rooster, the surface resembles small papillae.
- Plantar. These accumulations cause slight discomfort.
- straight. The location of such neoplasms is the cervical epithelium. Flat papillomas look like itchy flat nodules.
- Filamented. Such tumors often occur in patients over 50 years of age, resemble small nodules and do not cause obvious symptoms.
- He pointed out. They resemble papillary formations that are both localized as individual elements and grouped together. In each case, genital warts are triggered by certain types of virus transmitted during sexual intercourse. The place of genital warts is the intimate zone, groin, anus, perineum.
Angiopapilloma is an internal growth of connective tissue. It sticks to the walls of blood vessels and can cause cancer.
Neoplasms in the visible parts of the body and in the intimate area often cause psychological distress and problems with sexual activity. Papilloma of the uterus can end in cancer.
Species
There are several types of HPV, given the possible occurrence of cancerous lesions of the skin and internal organs.
Squamous
The appearance of papillomas is associated with the rapid growth of squamous epithelium of the epidermis. In young people, this type of neoplasm can often occur in injured areas of the body.
Squamous cell papillomas are broad-based round tumors and thin-bodied neoplasms. At the beginning of their development, they are immobile, painted in a light or brown tone. Permanent trauma to such formations can cause them to become inflamed, cell mutations begin, and cancer develops. In the absence of effective treatment, the risk of cancer is high.
Inverted
Very rarely, an inverted papilloma appears on the body. The field of view is the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Growth of neoplasms in the frontal and maxillary sinuses is possible.
One of the features of the manifestation of papillomavirus is a unilateral lesion. Inverted growth is possible in the bone, which results in damage to the palate, skull, nasal sinuses, and orbital walls.
An inverted large papilloma causes nasal congestion, bleeding, and runny nose. When the tumor reaches a large size, the facial skeleton is deformed and moves to the side of the affected organ of vision.
Localization
Skin papillomas can occur in different parts of the body. Anxiety is caused by growths on the face, and they are constantly injured when placed on the body and in contact with clothing.
Experts identify several places where papillomas occur:
- Obesity in the groin, armpits and lower abdomen. In the fairer sex, various types of neoplasms may be localized under the breasts.
- Neck, face, abdomen, back. The area of facial papillomas mainly becomes the area of the mouth, eyes and eyelids.
- Sexual organs. This area is often the site of genital warts.
- Internal organs. Neoplasms appear in the tissues of the intestine, stomach and bladder.
- Foot. Spinal warts often appear on this part of the body.
The appearance of viral neoplasms can be the oral mucosa, bladder, mammary glands, internal genitals.
Symptoms of education
When HPV is activated, various types of neoplasms appear on the skin. Their symptoms are similar, but there are differences.
Warts
You can determine the formation of warts on the skin according to certain symptoms:
- the size of the tumor does not exceed 1 cm;
- The wart has clear outer borders, a non-homogeneous surface and the density is felt on palpation;
- the color of the structure can be from light gray to black;
- The neoplasm has an irregular round shape.
The localization of growth is mainly open areas of the body, and especially those that are constantly damaged by something. Warts often appear on the hands, fingers, knees, and head in the area of hair growth.
Papillomas
If you know what a papilloma body looks like, you can determine the growth independently. They are fairly thin-bodied or flat-based skin growths. Infection occurs mainly in public places with high humidity. It is in such an environment that it feels ideal and begins to multiply rapidly.
Patients need to know what papillomas look like on the body. The first sign of a tumor is a slight burning sensation, a slight tingling sensation in the epidermis. After a while, neoplasms appear in this area. Gradually they elongate and elongate, increasing in size to 1-1, 5 cm.
Papillomas on the skin often occur in elderly patients and begin to actively increase in size. The area where the growths are located is the chest, groin and armpits. They are flesh-colored or slightly yellowish. The presence of the virus in a woman's body significantly increases the risk of developing cervical cancer.
Warts
Genital warts only occur under the influence of certain types of HPV that enter the bloodstream through sexual intercourse. Usually, the area of the anus and external genitalia, rarely the oropharynx, becomes the center of localization of growths.
Warts are papillary growths that form in different parts of the body. The individual elements often join together to form a tumor that looks like a rooster comb.
Incubation period
Papilloma virus has a long incubation period that can last for many years. This means that it is very difficult to determine the moment when an infectious agent enters the body. Under the influence of various factors that disrupt the immune system, the activity of the virus may increase.
Once inside the body, the virus enters the nuclei of the cells of the dermis and begins to multiply rapidly there. As the body's immune system declines, small papillae begin to appear on the surface of the skin, covering several cells. They grow slowly and can reach 10 cm.
Diagnostics
The diagnosis of papilloma begins with an examination of the patient by an immunologist or dermatologist. The patient's history and symptoms are investigated. Laboratory and instrumental studies help to determine the cause of the appearance of neoplasms in the body.
The standard diagnostic program includes:
- general and biochemical blood test;
- PCR tests;
- biopsy of the material.
Based on the results of the study, effective and safe therapies are selected.
Treatment
It is recommended to start treatment immediately after papilloma is detected. The choice of method depends on the area of localization of neoplasms, the reasons for their appearance, the form of HPV. Only a specialist can determine how quickly papillomas will be treated.
Cryocoagulation
With this method of treatment, neoplasms are removed with liquid nitrogen, which causes the water in the cells to freeze and die. Cryodestruction is performed only if the tumor is benign and does not contain cancer cells.
The procedure is considered painless, but if the skin is very sensitive, apply novocaine. After treating the skin with liquid nitrogen, they turn white and form a small bubble in which a clear or pink liquid accumulates. When removing growths with ice cream, unpleasant sensations in the form of burning sensations may appear, but they gradually disappear. After cryodestruction, it is recommended to treat the epidermis several times a day with a solution of potassium permanganate or boric alcohol.
After a few days, the bladder explodes and a crust forms that protects the wound from infection. It disappears over time and leaves healthy skin underneath.
Surgical method
Surgery to remove papillomas on the skin is considered the most radical method of removal, but it is not so often used. The indication for surgery is large papillomas.
During the operation, the doctor excises a small area of healthy tissue, which prevents the resumption of growth. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and does not last more than 10-15 minutes. The patient does not feel pain and a suture is placed after the manipulation is completed. The disadvantage of this method is the long-term healing of wounds, the formation of scars and scars on the body.
Laser removal
After examining the patient, the doctor decides how to treat the papilloma. The most modern method of removing growths is laser treatment, which is preceded by an analysis to exclude cancer cells. The area of the body with the papilloma is anesthetized with lidocaine. Then they move on it with laser beams and remove it completely. When treated in this way, water evaporates, dries and forms a crust on the damaged cells.
After a while, the skin becomes red and swollen, but this reaction occurs after 2-3 days. After 5-7 days, the skin peels off and a delicate pink skin appears instead.
Chemical attack
An effective way to combat the pathology is a chemical effect on papillomas. Removal of genital warts is carried out with special preparations containing organic acids.
With the help of an applicator, they are applied to the surface of the formation and they are cut. Under the influence of chemicals, growth cells are destroyed and it disappears.
Medication treatment
Medical treatments for papilloma include:
- pills. Infection with a virus occurs due to a decrease in immunity, so the action of drugs is aimed at increasing the body's defenses. The patient is prescribed vitamins, immunomodulators, antiviral agents.
- Preparations for local treatment. A good effect is the use of antiviral creams and ointments. Gels and creams that stimulate interferon production are preferred for small tumors in the penis. To eliminate growths, the doctor prescribes solutions with cauterizing properties.
Removal of papillomas in different parts of the body can only be prescribed by a doctor.
Immunomodulators
How to treat multiple papillomas in the body depends on their size and area of localization. The integrated approach involves treatment with immunomodulators, the action of which activates the body's natural defenses.
There are several types of HPV, so such medications should be selected by a specialist after immunological testing. In women with papillomas, special attention is recommended to natural immunomodulators that help restore immunity at the DNA level.
Do not delete yourself
Treating large papillomas at home can aggravate a person's condition and cause the virus to spread throughout the body. The possibility of using funds for self-removal of growths is determined by a dermatologist. This treatment is possible only in the absence of oncogenic factor and the suspicion of malignant growth.
Self-treatment of benign neoplasms includes the use of topical ointments and medications prescribed by a doctor.
Traditional methods of treatment
In addition to the treatment regimen chosen by the physician, the use of alternative therapies is permitted. It is possible to stop the intensive growth of papillomas and cause its destruction when infected with celandine, dandelion or sour apple juice.
You can lubricate the neoplasm every day with fresh egg protein and wait for it to dry. After a while, the dry papilloma will go away on its own. At the pharmacy you can buy a special adhesive tape that is glued for a long time, then the neoplasm is cleared.
To eliminate the defect, it is recommended to cut a clove of garlic and rub it on the skin for several days in a row.
Treatment at home and with folk remedies is a long process. For greater effectiveness, it is recommended to combine it with drugs that have antiviral effects.
Prophylaxis
Prevention of human papillomavirus is possible through the observance of body hygiene, timely treatment of any lesions on the epidermis and their healing. You should use personal hygiene products to prevent infection.
Prevention of papillomas includes abstaining from casual sex, leading a healthy lifestyle, and increasing immunity. The virus is able to become a trigger for the formation of papillomas in the cervix and the development of cancer. Women should visit a gynecologist and a mammologist regularly, remember to follow a proper diet. What to do if papilloma is found, it is recommended to consult a doctor and not to self-medicate.